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indicates the clear winner per row. Ties and missing data are not highlighted.

How winners are chosen

Lower is better for investment, liquid capital, franchise fee, royalty and ad-fund rates, SBA charge-off rate, and owner turnover.

Higher is better for disclosed revenue and owner earnings, verdict score, total units, net unit growth, and franchisee contacts. For the letter grade, A ranks highest.

A row is highlighted only when one brand clearly leads. Ties are never highlighted, and missing data never counts as a win. Some rows (earnings-metric type, loan counts, contract terms) are informational and have no winner.

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Focus by buyer type

Brand	AStrongest tier Papa Johns Quick-Service Restaurants 2025 FDD Remove	BAbove average Pieology Quick-Service Restaurants 2025 FDD Remove
Vitals
FDD filing	2025 FDD	2025 FDD
Investment range	$261K – $853K	$304K – $808K
Liquid capital	$20K – $50K	$20K – $50K
Franchise fee	$25K	$25K
Royalty rate	5.0%	5.0%
Ad fund rate	6.0%	2.0%
Performance
Avg gross sales	$1.1MNet sales	No Item 19 representation
Median gross sales	$1.1M	Not disclosed
Avg owner earnings Metric varies by brand. Check type below	Not extracted	Not disclosed
Earnings metric	Not classified	Not classified
Risk
Rating	AStrongest tier	BAbove average
Verdict score	73 / 100	56 / 100
SBA charge-off rate	18.1% (n=323)	0.0% (n=23)
SBA loans on record	323	23
Scale
Total units	3,291	83
Net change (latest yr)	+63	-24
Signed, not yet open	Not extracted	0 (0.00 per open outlet)
Turnover rate	0.8%	28.9%
Contract
Initial term (years)	10	10
Renewal term (years)	10	10
Initial training (hrs)	496	192
Contacts
Franchisee phones	57	31

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