FDD Items 3 & 4 · 2025 filing
Lukumades litigation history
What Lukumades disclosed about lawsuits, arbitrations and bankruptcy in the 2025 Franchise Disclosure Document. Item 3 lists the material legal actions a franchisor must report; Item 4 covers bankruptcy. This is the franchisor's own disclosure, not a court record, and not legal advice.
Items 3 & 4 at a glance
What the filing discloses
- Cases disclosed
- 1
- Item 3, as counted in the filing
- Largest disclosed settlement
- $120K
- As stated in Item 3
- Bankruptcy (Item 4)
- None
- Franchisor, parent, predecessor or officer
- Filing year
- 2025
- Disclosures cover the prior ten years
Extracted from the 2025 Franchise Disclosure Document
Item 3: litigation
Much Culture SDN BHD v. Lukumades Franchising Pty. Ltd., JA-22NCC58-12/2022, High Court of Malaya at Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Plaintiff alleges franchisor entered into a franchise agreement without being registered to sell franchises in Malaysia; seeking $120,000 USD in damages. Case is ongoing.
Disclosure signals that moved the score
How this shows up in the verdict
- Going concern status is FALSE — franchisor may be operationally or financially unstable
- Active litigation in Malaysia alleging unregistered franchise operation — regulatory compliance and legal exposure concerns
The verdict grade is FranchiseVerdict's editorial assessment across SBA loan performance, unit growth, revenue and disclosure signals. It is not investment advice.
Before you weigh a lawsuit
How to read Item 3
A franchisor must disclose pending actions and any material civil action involving the franchise relationship, plus convictions or civil judgments for fraud, unfair or deceptive practices, or franchise-law violations, going back ten years. A case the franchisor brought against a franchisee counts too. Item 3 does not include every dispute: settled claims below the materiality line and matters resolved in private arbitration can be absent.
Questions worth asking current and former franchisees, using the contact list in Item 20:
- Were you, or anyone you know in the system, party to a dispute with the franchisor?
- Was it resolved by settlement, arbitration or a court, and on what terms?
- Has the number of disputes gone up or down since you signed?