FranchiseVerdict
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FV-00636·MODERATEExcellent91FDD 2022

Costa Oil

Automotive - Repair & ServiceFranchising since 2022Website
Investment
$132K – $213K
35th pct Repair & Serv…
Avg revenue
$291K
5th pct Repair & Serv…
Royalty
6.5%
42nd pct Repair & Serv…
Units
13
25th pct Repair & Serv…
SBA default
0.0%
vs <3% typical

Bottom line

  • Total investment $132K – $213K including a $55K franchise fee, 6.5% ongoing royalty.
  • Average unit revenue of $291K/year. Estimated payback in 2.5 years.
  • Rated MODERATE with a risk score of 59/100. SBA loan default rate of 0.0% across 26 loans (below the industry average).

Item 1 · who you're contracting with

The Franchisor

Legal entity
Costa Oil International, Inc.
Incorporated in
Delaware
HQ
316 Broadway, Hanover, PA 17331
Auditor
GDS International Co
Audited financials
Franchisor revenue
$0
vs $1.8M prior year

Yale framework · single-unit ROIC

Returns Analysis

Pulls Item 7 (investment) and Item 19 (revenue) from this brand's FDD into the Yale unlevered-ROIC formula. Override any input to stress-test it against your own assumptions.

The model · Yale framework

What would one Costa Oil unit return on the cash you put in?

Revenue · per unit, per year
$
FDD Item 19 reports $291,376
Franchisor take · royalty + ad fund
Royaltytyp 68%
%
Ad fundtyp 35%
%
Operating costs · category default: automotive
COGS
%
Labor
%
Rent / occupancy
%
Other operating
%
Total invested capital · what you actually put in
Initial investment
$
FDD Item 7: $132K–$213K
Working capital
$
FDD reports $23K–$28K

Unlevered ROIC · per unit

24%

Below typical band (30–60%)

0%30–60% Yale band80%

Store EBITDA · annual
$48K
EBITDA margin
16.5%
Total invested
$198K
Payback
49 mo
Unit-level only. A multi-unit portfolio gives up roughly 5–15% of this to shared services (corporate G&A) before reaching the ~10-unit break-even Yale describes.

Levered LBO scenario · Yale Crease Capital framing

What would 25 Costa Oil units return on equity?

Edit assumptions

Equity IRR · 5-yr

49.9%

7.57× MOIC

Year-1 DSCR

1.88×

EBITDA ÷ debt service

Equity required

$554K

on $2.8M purchase

Total debt

$2.2M

SBA $1.4M + senior + seller note

Overview

About

Costa Oil franchisees operate fuel/petrol stations or convenience retail operations, likely including fuel sales, automotive products, and ancillary retail. Day-to-day responsibilities typically include inventory management, customer service, payment processing, compliance with fuel regulations, and maintaining equipment.

CEO
Constantine Kapothanasis
Founded
2020
FDD year
2022
States available
4

Item 7 · what it costs

The Vitals

Total investment
$132K – $213K
All-in to open one unit
Liquid capital
$23K – $28K
Cash you must have on hand
Franchise fee
$55K
Royalty
6.5%
Gross Revenue · typical 6–8%
Ad fund
2.0%
typical 3–5%
Total fee load
8.5%
vs 9–13% typical
Payback period
2.5 yrs
From v3 / Item 19

Item 19

Financial Performance

Avg gross sales
$291K
Per unit, per year
Median gross sales
Item 19 type
Affiliate Owned
Sample size
14 units
vs category median 59 · small
Range (low → high)
$135K$654K
Cohort dispersion
Transparency
9 / 5
vs category median 4 / 5 · above
Revenue rank5th
vs Automotive - Repair & Service peers
Investment cost rank35th
Lower investment ranks lower (better)
Royalty rate rank42th
Lower royalty = lower percentile (better)
Unit count rank25th
vs Automotive - Repair & Service peers
Risk score rank47th
Lower risk = lower percentile (better)

Item 20 · unit dynamics

The Growth Chart

Total units
13
Opened
0
Last reporting year
Closed
0
Turnover rate
0.0%
Company-owned
13
Corporate units in the system
% franchised
0%
vs corporate-owned
2020
0+1
Franchised units
2021
0
Franchised units
2022
0
Franchised units

Year-over-year franchised unit counts and net change. Source: FDD Item 20.

Item 20 · 23 states with active franchisees

The Territory Map

Derived from franchisee contact records. Shows states with at least one current operator — not where the franchisor is registered to sell new units (that data is re-extracting in a future refresh).

AK
ME
VT
NH
MA
RI
CT
NY
NJ
PA
DE
MD
DC
WA
OR
CA
NV
ID
MT
WY
UT
CO
AZ
NM
ND
SD
NE
KS
OK
TX
MN
IA
MO
AR
LA
WI
IL
MS
TN
MI
IN
KY
AL
OH
WV
GA
VA
NC
SC
FL
HI
Registered · 23 states
Not registered

States derived from franchisee phone area codes (Item 20). Approximate — ported numbers may show the original state, not the franchisee's current location.

Government records

SBA Loan Data

Aggregated from SBA 7(a) loan disclosures, public data unique to FranchiseVerdict.

Total loans
26
Loan volume
Avg loan
Default rate
0.0%
vs <3% typical · system-wide
5-yr default

FranchiseVerdict rating + FDD Items 3, 5, 6, 12, 17

Risk & Legal

59
Risk · 0-100
MODERATE59 / 100

Small, undocumented system with concerning corporate financials, missing performance data, and unfavorable unit economics relative to initial investment.

Score breakdown · what drove the 59 / 100 rating

  1. 01MEDNo Item 19 (Financial Performance Representations) disclosed — cannot verify if $68,331 average net income is realistic or survivorship-biased
  2. 02MINOROnly 13 units system-wide with unknown growth trajectory — cannot assess market demand or expansion momentum
  3. 03HIGHGoing Concern status is FALSE — suggests potential financial instability at corporate level
  4. 04MEDHigh initial investment ($131,750–$212,900) relative to disclosed net income ($68,331) yields only 32–52% ROI annually, creating extended payback period
  5. 05MINORMinimum weekly royalty ($150/week = $7,800/year) creates fixed cost burden even during low-revenue periods
  6. 06MINORFranchise fee ($54,900) represents 41% of minimum total investment — high front-loaded cost with no revenue offset

Severity inferred from the FDD text · not a regulatory classification

FDD Items 5, 6, 12, 17 · continued from Risk & Legal

Contract & Territory Detail

Territory
Marketing Area
Protected territory
Yes
Initial term
15 years
Renewal term
15 years
Online sales rights
Restricted
Franchisor can compete
No
Hire a manager?
Allowed
Litigation count
0
Right of first refusal
Yes
Franchisor can buy back on resale
Mandatory arbitration
Yes
Non-compete
2 yrs
Post-termination restriction
Owner-operator
Optional
Governing law
Pennsylvania

Item 11

Training & Operations

Classroom training
20 hrs
On-the-job training
20 hrs
POS system
PM Attendant
Operating tech stack

Item 20

Franchisee Contacts

Phone numbers extracted directly from this brand's FDD Item 20. After purchase, you'll also receive a list of validation questions tailored to this brand.

Franchisee contacts

32 numbers

Locked
(469) 263-••••
Brian Badillo
TX
(361) 406-••••
Julio Rondon
TX
(916) 912-••••
Tejpal Virk
CA

One-time purchase · CSV download · Validation questions included

FDD download

Costa Oil · FDD (2022) PDF

Single-page checkout · instant download · CSV export of contacts available separately above