FranchiseVerdict
Hooters logo
FV-01226·STRONGExcellent95

Hooters

Food & Beverage - Full ServiceFranchising since 2014Website
Investment
$1.3M – $4.1M
91st pct Full Service
Avg revenue
$3.6M
55th pct Full Service
Royalty
5.0%
15th pct Full Service
Units
297
92nd pct Full Service
SBA default
0.0%
vs <3% typical

Bottom line

  • Total investment $1.3M – $4.1M including a $75K franchise fee, 5.0% ongoing royalty.
  • Average unit revenue of $3.6M/year (median $3.4M).
  • Rated STRONG with a risk score of 54/100. SBA loan default rate of 0.0% across 5 loans (below the industry average).
  • System contracting at -8.2% CAGR over 3 years. Investigate whether closures are franchisor-driven (consolidation) or franchisee-driven (economics).

Item 1 · who you're contracting with

The Franchisor

Legal entity
HOA Franchising, LLC
Parent company
Hawk Parent, LLC
Incorporated in
Delaware
HQ
1815 The Exchange, Atlanta, Georgia 30339
Auditor
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Audited financials
Franchisor revenue
$487K
vs $488K prior year

Yale framework · single-unit ROIC

Returns Analysis

Pulls Item 7 (investment) and Item 19 (revenue) from this brand's FDD into the Yale unlevered-ROIC formula. Override any input to stress-test it against your own assumptions.

The model · Yale framework

What would one Hooters unit return on the cash you put in?

Revenue · per unit, per year
$
FDD Item 19 reports $3,575,491
Franchisor take · royalty + ad fund
Royaltytyp 68%
%
Ad fundtyp 35%
%
Operating costs · category default: generic
COGS
%
Labor
%
Rent / occupancy
%
Other operating
%
Total invested capital · what you actually put in
Initial investment
$
FDD Item 7: $1.3M–$4.1M
Working capital
$
FDD reports $40K–$135K

Unlevered ROIC · per unit

21%

Below typical band (30–60%)

0%30–60% Yale band80%

Store EBITDA · annual
$572K
EBITDA margin
16.0%
Total invested
$2.8M
Payback
58 mo
Unit-level only. A multi-unit portfolio gives up roughly 5–15% of this to shared services (corporate G&A) before reaching the ~10-unit break-even Yale describes.

Levered LBO scenario · Yale Crease Capital framing

What would 25 Hooters units return on equity?

Edit assumptions

Equity IRR · 5-yr

25.4%

3.10× MOIC

Year-1 DSCR

3.30×

EBITDA ÷ debt service

Equity required

$17.5M

on $32.2M purchase

Total debt

$14.7M

SBA $5.0M + senior + seller note

SBA 7(a) request ($16.1M) exceeds the $5M program cap. Excess capped automatically; backfill via conventional or equity.

Overview

About

Franchisees operate casual dining restaurants featuring American wings and seafood cuisine with iconic branded atmosphere. Day-to-day operations include managing full-service dining staff, kitchen operations, inventory control, marketing, and maintaining brand standards across food quality, service, and facility appearance in a declining 297-unit system.

CEO
Sal Melilli
Founded
2014
FDD year
2023
States available
21

Item 7 · what it costs

The Vitals

Total investment
$1.3M – $4.1M
All-in to open one unit
Liquid capital
$40K – $135K
Cash you must have on hand
Franchise fee
$75K
Royalty
5.0%
Gross Sales · typical 6–8%
Ad fund
2.0%
typical 3–5%
Total fee load
7.0%
vs 9–13% typical

Item 19

Financial Performance

Avg gross sales
$3.6M
Per unit, per year
Median gross sales
$3.4M
Item 19 type
Average Gross Sales
Sample size
102 units
vs category median 15 · large
Range (low → high)
$1.2M$8.1M
Cohort dispersion
Transparency
7 / 5
vs category median 4 / 5 · above
Revenue rank55th
vs Food & Beverage - Full Service peers
Investment cost rank91th
Lower investment ranks lower (better)
Royalty rate rank15th
Lower royalty = lower percentile (better)
Unit count rank92th
vs Food & Beverage - Full Service peers
Risk score rank26th
Lower risk = lower percentile (better)

Item 20 · unit dynamics

The Growth Chart

Total units
297
Opened
0
Last reporting year
Closed
2
Turnover rate
0.7%
Company-owned
196
Corporate units in the system
% franchised
34%
vs corporate-owned
Net growth (yr3)
-3.8%
Net unit change last year
3-yr CAGR
-8.2%
Compounded over last 3 years
2021
101-5
Franchised units
2022
105
Franchised units
2023
110
Franchised units

Year-over-year franchised unit counts and net change. Source: FDD Item 20.

Item 20 · 20 states with active franchisees

The Territory Map

Derived from franchisee contact records. Shows states with at least one current operator — not where the franchisor is registered to sell new units (that data is re-extracting in a future refresh).

AK
ME
VT
NH
MA
RI
CT
NY
NJ
PA
DE
MD
DC
WA
OR
CA
NV
ID
MT
WY
UT
CO
AZ
NM
ND
SD
NE
KS
OK
TX
MN
IA
MO
AR
LA
WI
IL
MS
TN
MI
IN
KY
AL
OH
WV
GA
VA
NC
SC
FL
HI
Registered · 20 states
Not registered

States derived from franchisee phone area codes (Item 20). Approximate — ported numbers may show the original state, not the franchisee's current location.

Government records

SBA Loan Data

Aggregated from SBA 7(a) loan disclosures, public data unique to FranchiseVerdict.

Total loans
5
Loan volume
Avg loan
Default rate
0.0%
vs <3% typical · system-wide
5-yr default

FranchiseVerdict rating + FDD Items 3, 5, 6, 12, 17

Risk & Legal

54
Risk · 0-100
STRONG54 / 100

Hooters presents high risk due to declining unit count, extensive litigation history, undisclosed profitability metrics, and corporate going concern issues that obscure true investment returns.

Score breakdown · what drove the 54 / 100 rating

  1. 01MINORDeclining unit count (-3.8% YoY) indicates system contraction and market challenges
  2. 02HIGHMultiple litigation cases involving breach of contract, abandonment, and financial obligation failures suggest operational and legal instability
  3. 03MINORNo Item 19 (Net Income) disclosure prevents accurate ROI assessment despite $1.26M-$4.1M investment requirement
  4. 04HIGHGoing Concern status is FALSE, indicating potential financial viability concerns at corporate level
  5. 05MINORHigh investment range ($1.26M-$4.1M) combined with declining units suggests poor unit economics or market saturation
  6. 06HIGHLitigation pattern includes franchise failures (unauthorized abandonment) indicating franchisee distress
  7. 07MED5% royalty on average $3.57M revenue ($178.75K annually) is sustainable only if net margins are healthy—which are undisclosed

Severity inferred from the FDD text · not a regulatory classification

FDD Items 5, 6, 12, 17 · continued from Risk & Legal

Contract & Territory Detail

Territory
Map-based/Zip-code based
Protected territory
Yes
Initial term
10 years
Renewal term
5 years
Online sales rights
Granted
Franchisor can compete
Yes
Hire a manager?
Allowed
Litigation count
9
Right of first refusal
Yes
Franchisor can buy back on resale
Mandatory arbitration
No
Jury trial waiver
Yes
Non-compete
2 yrs
Post-termination restriction
Owner-operator
Required
Governing law
Georgia

Item 11

Training & Operations

Classroom training
8 hrs
On-the-job training
311 hrs
POS system
NCR’s Aloha
Operating tech stack

Item 20

Franchisee Contacts

Phone numbers extracted directly from this brand's FDD Item 20. After purchase, you'll also receive a list of validation questions tailored to this brand.

Franchisee contacts

100 numbers

Locked
(562) 287-••••
CA
(732) 560-••••
NJ
(813) 797-••••
FL

One-time purchase · CSV download · Validation questions included

FDD download

Hooters · FDD (2023) PDF

Single-page checkout · instant download · CSV export of contacts available separately above